Karl Kraus

He was the ninth child of entrepreneur and producer Jakob Krauss and his wife Ernestine. The family moved to Vienna in 1877. Kraus became interested in theater at a young age. He studied law, philosophy, and German, and worked as a critic for several magazines; he published an essay in 1897 when he criticized the excesses of fin-de-siècle decadence (Gustav Klimt) and attacked his friend Hugo von Hofmannsthal. In 1910 the first reading of Kraus's work was done in Berlin. This was followed by nearly seven hundred readings in various European cities, where the work of other writers - William Shakespeare, Johann Nestroy, Frank Wedekind, Jacques Offenbach - some of them translated and translated by Kraus. Kraus converted to Catholicism in 1911 but renounced it in 1923. In 1913 he married Sidonie Nadherny von Borutin, whose 1920 marriage was reduced. He left the marriage six months later to join Kraus. In 1933 he wrote a document criticizing Hitler which was published only after his death, but a poem of his position best illustrated his position. In 1936 he was hit by a cyclist and died on July 12.