Dalai Lama
The Dalai Lama was born Lhamo Thondup on July 6, 1935 in Taktser, China. At the age of 15, he took over Tibet's political power as the Dalai Lama. The People's Republic of China attacked that same year. Fearing execution, he and thousands of followers fled to Dharamshala in northern India, where they established a separate government. Since then, the Dalai Lama has taken many steps in hopes of establishing an independent Tibetan state within the People's Republic of China. However, the Chinese government showed no signs of going to peace with Tibet. The Dalai Lama has also conducted hundreds of conferences, talks and workshops around the world, as part of his humanitarian efforts. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1989. In December 2008, the Dalai Lama announced his retirement after undergoing very serious surgery.